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青少年的需求 Needs of Teenagers

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根據艾瑞克森(Eric H. Erickson)的心理社會發展理論,13-21歲的年輕人正在經歷自我認同與角色混淆的心理社會危機。他們會通過統整過去從童年到成年的經驗,開始選擇價值觀、理想、人生哲學及目標作為一生的內在支持,發掘自己的性別身分認同並形成清晰的自我認同信念。然而在這個階段的危機,來自他們自己和特別是像父母等重要他人和朋輩的期望,對他們而言亦尤其重要。

 

面對情緒困擾的青少年,難以與人建立健康的人際關係,專注力及學習能力亦會受到影響,令學業成績下降,而內心難以宣之於口的問題亦可能會透過不適當的行為表現出來,或會令家長、老師或同學視為「不聽話」的「壞」學生,導致自信心和自尊心受損,繼而影響其情緒及生活。然而,現今學校大多傾向著重學業表現,投放在情緒教育的資源相對地少,即使有社工跟進,也因為資源及人力不足等問題,難以對每個需要都作全面而深入的跟進;而私人的專業輔導及藝術或表達藝術治療服務均收費高昂,有經濟需要的家庭更難以負擔,所以「藝・意」計劃可以透過企業培訓所賺取的利潤資助受情緒困擾而又有經濟需要的青少年,享用低廉或免費的表達藝術治療工作坊或持續的跟進小組服務,以抒解他們的困擾。

According to Erik Erikson’s Theory of Psychosocial Development, young people at the age of 13-21 are undergoing the psychosocial crisis of Identity vs Role Confusion. They are expected to develop their sexual identity through this stage which is gained through the discovery of oneself and in the course of finding meaning to their personhood as a result of the transition from childhood to adulthood. Crisis at this stage may also be brought about by expectations from themselves and from people around them, especially the significant others like parents.

 

Facing emotional turbulences, teenagers may find difficult to establish healthy relationships with others. Concentration and learning ability may also be weakened, and academic performance may be degraded. Struggles that are difficult to express verbally may also be manifested through inappropriate behaviors. The teens may be labelled as “bad” and “disobedient” students by parents, teachers or classmates, undermining their self-confidences and self-esteems, which in turn affects their mood and life. However, most schools today tend to focus on academic performance instead. The resources for emotional education are relatively limited. Even if those cases are being taken care of by school social workers, it is difficult to meet every need comprehensively. Moreover, for low income families, they are usually not able to afford the expensive costs of private professional counselling and expressive arts therapy services.

 

Therefore, OBSE’s project “Art for Mind・Art for Life” can subsidize teenagers who are struggling with intense emotions and in financial needs to enjoy low-cost or free expressive arts therapy workshops or continuous therapy groups to relieve their tensions.

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香港青少年的情緒狀況

Emotional Condition of Hong Kong Teenagers

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整體兒童及青少年精神科求診人數

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確診兒童及青少年抑鬱症個案

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